The district of Beja belongs to the traditional province of Baixo Alentejo. It borders on the northwest with the district of Setúbal, on the north with the district of Évora, on the east with the province of Huelva (Spain), on the south with the district of Faro, and on the west with the Atlantic Ocean. It has an area of 10 229.05 km² (the largest Portuguese district) and a resident population of 152 758 inhabitants (2011). The district seat is the city of Beja. The Beja district is subdivided into the municipalities of Aljustrel, Almodôvar, Alvito, Barrancos, Beja, Castro Verde, Cuba, Ferreira do Alentejo, Mértola, Moura, Odemira, Ourique, Serpa, Vidigueira.
The district of Beja corresponds to the southern half of the Alentejo plain, irrigated by watercourses generally small and almost dry (or even dry) in the summer, and punctuated here and there by low and slightly inclined mountains.
There are some large dams in the Beja district, namely the largest in the country, the Alqueva Dam (Rio Guadiana, shared with the Évora district and Spain), the Chança dam (Chança river, shared with Spain), dam Santa Clara (Mira river), the Monte da Rocha dam (Sado river), the Roxo dam (Roxo stream) and the Odivelas dam (Odivelas stream).
The coast is rocky and stretches almost straight from north to south, the main accidents being the mouth of the Mira and Cabo Sardão.
